Ssemble AI Review: Is It Worth It in 2026? The Complete

Ssemble AI Review: Is It Worth It in 2026? The Complete

The world of content creation has changed dramatically in 2025. Short form videos dominate social media platforms, and creators need efficient tools to transform their long content into viral clips. Ssemble AI emerges as a promising solution in this competitive landscape.

This comprehensive review explores whether this AI powered video editing platform delivers on its promises and justifies its cost in today’s market.

Content creators face a common challenge: manually editing long videos into engaging short clips takes hours of work. The process involves identifying compelling moments, adding captions, adjusting formats, and creating hooks that capture viewer attention.

Traditional video editing requires technical skills and significant time investment. Ssemble AI addresses these pain points with automated features designed to streamline the entire workflow.

Key Takeaways

  • AI-Powered Automation: Ssemble AI uses artificial intelligence to automatically detect viral-worthy moments in long videos and converts them into short clips ready for TikTok, Instagram Reels, and YouTube Shorts
  • Comprehensive Feature Set: The platform offers 16+ specialized plugins including auto clipping, face tracking, captioning, B-roll integration, and transition effects that work together seamlessly
  • Multi-Platform Publishing: Users can post content simultaneously across TikTok, YouTube, and Instagram with optimized titles, descriptions, and hashtags generated automatically
  • Flexible Pricing Structure: Plans start at $9 per month for the Pro tier (with current 70% discount), providing 360 input videos per year with no watermark on exports
  • Learning Limitations: The platform lacks a free trial option, which makes it challenging for users to test functionality before committing to a paid subscription
  • Time-Saving Benefits: Creators report significant time savings compared to manual editing, with the AI handling tasks that typically require hours of work in traditional video editing software

What Is Ssemble AI and How Does It Work

Ssemble AI functions as an intelligent video repurposing platform that transforms lengthy content into engaging short clips. The system analyzes uploaded videos using machine learning algorithms to identify the most compelling segments. AI technology powers the core functionality, examining audio patterns, visual elements, and engagement indicators to select optimal moments for clipping.

The platform operates entirely in the cloud, requiring no software downloads or installations. Users simply upload their long form videos through a web browser interface. The automated clipping process begins immediately, with AI algorithms scanning the entire video to locate high-energy moments, emotional peaks, and content segments likely to generate viewer engagement.

Face tracking technology represents a standout feature that automatically detects human faces in videos and keeps them centered during the conversion to vertical format. This ensures speakers remain properly framed when content transitions from horizontal YouTube videos to vertical TikTok or Instagram formats. The system handles aspect ratio adjustments seamlessly while maintaining video quality.

The workflow follows a straightforward process: upload video, select desired clip settings, allow AI to process content, review generated clips, and publish to social platforms. Caption generation happens automatically during processing, with the system transcribing spoken words and formatting them for optimal readability on mobile devices. Users can edit these captions manually when needed.

Core AI Features That Set Ssemble Apart

Auto Clipping represents the platform’s flagship capability, using advanced algorithms to identify viral-worthy moments within long videos. The AI analyzes multiple factors including audio intensity, visual changes, speech patterns, and emotional indicators to select segments most likely to engage viewers. This automated process eliminates guesswork and saves creators hours of manual review time.

Face tracking technology ensures professional-looking results when converting horizontal videos to vertical formats. The AI continuously monitors facial positioning and automatically adjusts framing to keep speakers centered throughout clips. This feature proves particularly valuable for podcast creators and interview content where maintaining proper subject framing is essential.

Intelligent captioning goes beyond basic transcription by analyzing speech patterns and adding appropriate timing and formatting. The system recognizes natural speech breaks, adjusts caption timing for optimal readability, and applies styling that enhances viewer engagement. Caption translation capabilities expand content reach by automatically converting text into multiple languages while preserving original audio.

Hook generation and call-to-action creation leverage AI to produce compelling titles and viewer retention elements. The system analyzes trending content patterns and generates hooks designed to capture attention within the first few seconds. Automated CTAs encourage viewer interaction and help creators build stronger audience connections through strategic placement of engagement prompts.

The B-roll integration feature automatically suggests and adds relevant footage from stock libraries like Pexels. AI algorithms match supplementary content to video themes and insert B-roll at appropriate moments to maintain viewer interest. This functionality typically requires extensive manual searching and editing in traditional video production workflows.

User Interface and Ease of Use

The Ssemble AI interface prioritizes simplicity without sacrificing functionality. Dashboard design follows intuitive patterns that allow new users to begin creating clips within minutes of account setup. The main workspace presents all essential tools in clearly labeled sections, eliminating confusion common in complex video editing software.

Upload processes remain straightforward with drag-and-drop functionality supporting various video formats. The system provides clear progress indicators during processing and offers estimated completion times for different video lengths. Users receive visual confirmation at each step, reducing uncertainty about workflow progress.

Editing controls strike a balance between automation and manual adjustment. While AI handles most tasks automatically, creators retain control over final output through accessible editing options. Caption editing, clip selection, and timing adjustments can be modified without technical expertise. The interface presents these options clearly without overwhelming novice users.

Preview functionality allows real-time review of generated clips before final export. Users can test different variations, compare AI-generated options, and make refinements using simple click-and-edit interactions. The preview system displays content exactly as it will appear on target social platforms, ensuring creators know how their clips will look to audiences.

Mobile responsiveness ensures consistent functionality across different devices and screen sizes. The web-based platform adapts to tablets and smartphones while maintaining full feature access. This flexibility allows creators to review and approve clips while away from desktop computers, supporting modern content creation workflows.

Pricing Plans and Value Analysis

Ssemble AI offers three main subscription tiers designed for different usage levels and creator needs. Current promotional pricing provides significant savings with 70% discounts on annual plans, making the platform more accessible to budget-conscious creators.

The Pro Plan at $9 monthly (discounted from $30) includes 360 input videos per year, unlimited social account connections, and all core AI features without watermarks. This tier suits individual creators and small businesses producing regular short-form content. The yearly allocation translates to approximately 30 videos monthly, which accommodates most solo creator workflows.

The Expert Plan priced at $18 monthly (reduced from $60) doubles the video allowance to 720 annual inputs while maintaining unlimited social connections. This option targets more active creators or small teams requiring higher volume processing. The 20-minute input timeframe limit applies across all tiers, affecting creators working with longer source material.

The Business Plan at $36 monthly (down from $120) provides 1,440 annual input videos with unlimited social account connections. This tier serves agencies, larger content teams, and high-volume creators who process multiple long-form videos weekly. The substantial video allowance supports enterprise-level content strategies while maintaining cost effectiveness compared to manual editing alternatives.

Value assessment requires considering time savings against subscription costs. Manual video editing for similar results typically requires 3-5 hours per clip using traditional software. Ssemble AI reduces this to minutes, creating substantial value for creators charging hourly rates or managing multiple content channels. The elimination of watermarks on all paid plans ensures professional output suitable for client work and monetized content.

Content Quality and AI Accuracy

AI-generated clips demonstrate impressive quality when source material provides clear audio and stable video footage. The algorithm excels at identifying emotional peaks, dramatic moments, and engaging segments that translate well to short-form platforms. Accuracy rates for clip selection appear high based on user feedback and platform testimonials, though performance varies with content type and video quality.

Caption accuracy presents mixed results depending on audio clarity and speaker accents. The system handles standard English well but occasionally struggles with technical terminology, proper names, and heavily accented speech. Manual caption editing remains necessary for content requiring perfect accuracy, though automated transcription provides solid starting points that reduce editing time significantly.

Face tracking performance impresses consistently across different video types and lighting conditions. The AI maintains proper subject framing during format conversions while avoiding common issues like cutting off faces or creating awkward positioning. Vertical format optimization works particularly well for talking-head content, interviews, and presentation-style videos.

B-roll selection quality varies based on content context and available stock footage matches. The AI sometimes selects generic imagery that doesn’t perfectly align with specific topics, requiring manual adjustments. However, the automated insertion saves considerable research time and provides reasonable starting points for further customization.

Export quality maintains professional standards with no degradation in video resolution or audio clarity. The platform preserves original video quality while optimizing file sizes for social media platforms. Format compatibility ensures smooth uploading across TikTok, Instagram, and YouTube without additional processing requirements.

Integration and Publishing Capabilities

Multi-platform publishing represents a significant advantage for creators managing content across multiple social media channels. Ssemble AI allows simultaneous posting to TikTok, YouTube, and Instagram, eliminating repetitive upload processes. Automated title and hashtag generation optimizes content for each platform’s specific algorithms and audience preferences.

Social media optimization adapts content formatting to meet platform-specific requirements automatically. The system adjusts video dimensions, duration limits, and quality settings to ensure optimal performance on each destination platform. Platform-specific features like Instagram Stories formatting receive proper handling without manual intervention.

Scheduling functionality supports consistent posting strategies essential for social media growth. Creators can plan content distribution across multiple days and platforms, maintaining audience engagement through regular posting schedules. The automated posting feature reduces daily management tasks while ensuring content reaches audiences at optimal times.

Analytics integration provides basic performance tracking across connected social accounts. Users can monitor view counts, engagement rates, and audience response directly through the Ssemble dashboard. This consolidated reporting saves time compared to checking multiple platform analytics separately, though advanced metrics require accessing individual social media platforms.

Export options accommodate different workflow preferences with direct publishing or file download capabilities. Creators can choose immediate social media posting or download clips for additional editing in other software. File format compatibility ensures flexibility for creators incorporating Ssemble output into broader content production pipelines.

Performance and Processing Speed

Processing speeds impress users with most clips generating within minutes of upload completion. The cloud-based infrastructure scales automatically to handle varying workloads without performance degradation. AI processing times correlate with source video length and complexity, with typical 30-60 minute videos producing multiple clips within 5-10 minutes.

Server reliability maintains consistent uptime according to user reports and platform monitoring. The system handles peak usage periods without significant slowdowns or service interruptions. Backup systems protect user content and ensure processing continues even during maintenance periods or technical issues.

Bandwidth requirements remain reasonable for most internet connections, though upload times depend on source video file sizes and connection speeds. The platform compresses uploads intelligently to balance processing speed with quality preservation. Mobile users can successfully use the platform on standard cellular connections without excessive data usage.

Concurrent processing allows multiple video handling for higher-tier subscribers managing several projects simultaneously. The system queues uploads and processes them efficiently without user intervention. Progress notifications keep users informed about processing status and completion estimates.

Export delivery happens promptly once processing completes, with download links provided immediately and social media posting occurring within minutes of approval. The entire workflow from upload to publication typically completes within 15-30 minutes for standard length videos, representing significant time savings compared to manual editing approaches.

Collaboration Features for Teams

Team collaboration capabilities support multiple user access to shared projects and content libraries. Ssemble AI allows team members to review, edit, and approve clips collaboratively without complex permission systems. Role-based access controls ensure appropriate team members can modify content while protecting sensitive projects.

Shared workspaces organize team projects efficiently with folder structures and naming conventions that support larger content production teams. Comment systems facilitate feedback and revision requests without external communication tools. Team members can discuss specific clips, suggest modifications, and approve final versions within the platform interface.

Version control tracks clip modifications and maintains history of changes made by different team members. Revision comparisons allow easy review of modifications and rollback capabilities when needed. This functionality proves valuable for agencies and content teams managing client projects with multiple stakeholders.

Asset sharing capabilities allow team members to contribute source videos, B-roll footage, and other media elements to shared libraries. Centralized resource management eliminates duplicate uploads and ensures consistent brand elements across team-generated content.

Approval workflows streamline content review processes for teams requiring management oversight before publication. Notification systems alert relevant team members when clips require review, approval, or publication, maintaining efficient production schedules without constant manual coordination.

Comparison with Competitor Platforms

Ssemble AI competes directly with established platforms like Opus Clip, Submagic, and Klap in the AI video clipping space. Each platform offers similar core functionality with distinct advantages and limitations. Feature comparison reveals Ssemble’s strengths in face tracking accuracy and multi-platform publishing capabilities.

Opus Clip provides stronger AI accuracy for some content types but lacks Ssemble’s comprehensive publishing features. Pricing comparisons show Ssemble offering competitive value especially with current promotional discounts. The platform’s yearly billing options provide better long-term value than most competitors’ monthly-only plans.

Klap excels in viral moment detection but offers fewer customization options compared to Ssemble’s editing capabilities. Submagic provides superior caption styling but charges premium prices for features included in Ssemble’s standard plans. These trade-offs require evaluation based on specific creator needs and priorities.

Integration capabilities vary significantly across competing platforms. Ssemble AI offers broader social media integration than most alternatives, while some competitors focus on single-platform optimization. The choice depends on publishing strategies and platform priorities for individual creators.

User interface preferences influence platform selection as much as feature sets. Ssemble’s simplified approach appeals to creators seeking streamlined workflows, while more complex platforms serve users requiring extensive customization options. Learning curves differ substantially between platforms, affecting adoption time and user satisfaction.

Learning Curve and Support Resources

New users typically master basic functionality within the first session, thanks to Ssemble’s intuitive interface design. The learning curve remains gentle for creators familiar with social media platforms, as most concepts translate directly to content creation workflows. Advanced features require additional exploration but remain accessible to non-technical users.

Documentation quality meets standard expectations with clear explanations of core features and common use cases. Video tutorials demonstrate key workflows and provide visual guidance for complex features. The support materials focus on practical applications rather than technical specifications, appealing to creator-focused audiences.

Community resources remain limited compared to more established platforms with active user forums and community-generated content. Official support channels include email assistance and AI-powered chat support for immediate questions. Response times appear reasonable based on user feedback, though comprehensive support requires patience.

Onboarding processes guide new users through initial setup and first clip creation. Interactive tutorials highlight essential features without overwhelming newcomers with advanced options. The progressive disclosure of features allows users to explore capabilities at their own pace.

Best practices documentation helps users optimize results by following recommended approaches for different content types. Tips and techniques sections provide actionable advice for improving clip quality and engagement rates, supporting user success beyond basic platform operation.

Advanced Features and Customization Options

Advanced editing controls provide granular adjustment capabilities for creators requiring specific output characteristics. Ssemble AI allows modification of AI-generated selections, timing adjustments, and manual override of automated decisions. Custom hook creation enables brand-specific messaging and unique viewer engagement strategies.

Template systems support consistent branding across multiple clips and content series. Custom color schemes, font selections, and logo placement maintain brand identity while leveraging AI automation benefits. These branding options appeal to businesses and professional creators requiring consistent visual presentation.

Advanced caption styling options extend beyond basic transcription to include custom fonts, colors, positioning, and animation effects. Highlight caption features emphasize key words and phrases automatically, improving viewer engagement and message retention. Manual caption editing provides precise control when automated results require adjustment.

Transition effect libraries offer multiple options for connecting clip segments and maintaining viewer interest. Custom transition timing and style selection allows creators to develop signature looks and maintain audience recognition across content series. The variety of effects supports different content styles and brand personalities.

Audio enhancement features include background music integration, sound effect libraries, and automatic audio level adjustment. Custom audio uploads allow brand-specific music and sound design while maintaining compliance with platform requirements and copyright considerations.

Mobile and Cross-Platform Compatibility

Web-based architecture ensures universal device compatibility without app installations or platform-specific limitations. Ssemble AI functions consistently across desktop computers, tablets, and smartphones with responsive design adapting to different screen sizes. Mobile workflows support on-the-go content creation and review processes.

Upload capabilities work effectively from mobile devices with intuitive file selection and progress tracking. Mobile editing features provide essential adjustment tools without sacrificing functionality compared to desktop experiences. Touch-optimized controls make mobile editing comfortable and efficient.

Cross-browser compatibility ensures consistent performance across Chrome, Safari, Firefox, and Edge browsers. No plugin requirements eliminate compatibility issues common with browser-specific video editing tools. Users can switch between devices and browsers without workflow interruptions.

Cloud synchronization maintains project continuity across different devices and login sessions. Auto-save functionality protects work progress and prevents data loss during mobile switching or connection interruptions. This reliability supports flexible working arrangements and travel-based content creation.

Offline capabilities remain limited due to cloud-based processing requirements, though preview and basic editing functions work with intermittent connections. Mobile data usage optimization ensures reasonable bandwidth consumption for creators working with cellular connections.

Security and Privacy Considerations

Data protection policies comply with standard industry practices for user-generated content and personal information handling. Ssemble AI processes uploaded videos on secure servers with encryption during transmission and storage. User content ownership remains with creators without platform claims on intellectual property rights.

Privacy settings allow control over content visibility and sharing permissions within team environments. Account security features include standard password protection and secure login processes, though advanced security options like two-factor authentication require verification of current implementation status.

Content deletion policies provide clear procedures for removing uploaded videos and generated clips from platform servers. Data retention periods follow reasonable practices for operational needs while respecting user privacy preferences. Creators maintain control over their content lifecycle and removal requests.

Third-party integrations with social media platforms follow established security protocols and OAuth authentication standards. Platform connections require explicit user authorization without storing sensitive login credentials on Ssemble servers. These security measures protect user accounts across connected services.

Copyright protection features help creators avoid potential issues with copyrighted material detection and platform compliance. Content scanning capabilities identify potential copyright concerns before publication, though creators retain responsibility for ensuring content compliance with platform policies and legal requirements.

Customer Support and Community

Support channels include email assistance and AI-powered chat features for immediate help with common issues. Response times appear reasonable based on user feedback, though complex technical issues may require extended resolution periods. The support team demonstrates knowledge of platform features and video creation workflows.

Knowledge base articles address frequent questions and provide step-by-step guidance for common tasks. Video tutorials demonstrate key features with practical examples and real-world applications. The educational content focuses on creator success rather than purely technical documentation.

Community presence remains developing compared to established platforms with active user forums and peer support networks. Social media engagement provides some community interaction and feature updates, though dedicated community spaces could enhance user experience and peer learning opportunities.

Feature request processes allow users to suggest improvements and influence platform development priorities. Regular updates introduce new capabilities based on user feedback and industry trends. The development team appears responsive to creator needs and market changes.

Training resources support skill development beyond basic platform operation to include content strategy and social media best practices. Educational content partnerships with industry experts provide additional value for creators seeking comprehensive social media education alongside tool training.

Real-World Use Cases and Success Stories

Podcast creators represent a primary success demographic using Ssemble AI to transform long-form interviews into engaging social media clips. Automated clip selection identifies compelling conversation moments while face tracking ensures proper speaker framing for vertical formats. Success rates appear high for interview-style content with clear audio and stable video.

Educational content creators leverage the platform to break down lengthy tutorials and lectures into digestible learning segments. Chapter detection and topic identification help educators create focused clips addressing specific learning objectives. Student engagement reportedly improves with shorter, targeted content pieces distributed across social platforms.

Business and marketing teams utilize Ssemble for repurposing webinars, product demonstrations, and corporate presentations into social media content. Professional output quality meets business standards while automated processes reduce content production costs. Marketing departments report improved social media engagement with consistent clip publishing schedules.

Entertainment and media companies use the platform to create promotional clips from longer content like TV shows, documentaries, and films. Viral moment detection helps identify segments likely to generate audience interest and social sharing. Copyright considerations require careful attention, but legitimate promotional use cases show positive results.

Individual creators across various niches report time savings and improved content consistency using Ssemble’s automation features. Success correlates with content type, with talking-head videos, interviews, and presentation-style content showing better results than highly visual or action-heavy material.

Technical Requirements and System Performance

Minimum system requirements remain modest for web-based platform access, requiring only modern browsers with internet connectivity. Recommended specifications include stable broadband connections for efficient upload and processing speeds. No local software installation eliminates compatibility concerns and system resource requirements.

Upload limitations vary by subscription tier with file size restrictions and processing time limits affecting larger content projects. Video format compatibility covers standard formats including MP4, MOV, and AVI files commonly used by content creators. Resolution support handles HD and 4K content appropriately for social media optimization.

Processing infrastructure scales automatically to handle user demand without performance degradation during peak usage periods. Server redundancy ensures consistent availability with minimal downtime for maintenance or technical issues. Global content delivery networks optimize performance for international users.

Browser performance optimization ensures smooth operation across different devices and connection speeds. Memory usage remains reasonable for typical web browsing capabilities without requiring high-end hardware. Mobile browser compatibility extends functionality to smartphone and tablet users effectively.

System monitoring and performance metrics help maintain consistent user experience across different usage patterns and content types. Regular updates improve technical performance while adding new features and addressing user feedback. Scalability planning supports growth without compromising existing user experience quality.

Limitations and Areas for Improvement

Free trial absence represents a significant limitation for creators wanting to test platform capabilities before committing to paid subscriptions. Trial period implementation would improve user confidence and reduce adoption barriers for budget-conscious creators. Current discount pricing partially addresses this concern but doesn’t eliminate evaluation limitations.

Caption accuracy requires improvement for content with technical terminology, accents, or poor audio quality. Manual editing capabilities help address accuracy issues but increase time investment and reduce automation benefits. Enhanced AI training for diverse speech patterns could improve transcription quality significantly.

B-roll selection algorithms need refinement to better match supplementary footage with video content and themes. Generic stock footage choices sometimes appear disconnected from specific topics, requiring manual replacement. Custom B-roll library integration could address this limitation while supporting brand-specific content needs.

Advanced editing features remain limited compared to professional video editing software, affecting creators requiring extensive customization capabilities. Export format options could expand to support more specialized publishing requirements. Color correction and audio mastering tools would enhance output quality for professional applications.

Team collaboration features require enhancement for larger organizations with complex approval workflows and content management needs. Enterprise-level security features and administrative controls could expand business market appeal. API integration capabilities would support custom workflows and third-party tool connections.

Final Verdict: Is Ssemble AI Worth It in 2025?

Ssemble AI delivers substantial value for content creators seeking efficient short-form video production solutions. The platform excels at automating time-intensive tasks while maintaining professional output quality suitable for business and personal use. Current promotional pricing makes the platform accessible to creators with varying budget constraints and content production needs.

Automation capabilities provide genuine time savings compared to manual video editing workflows, particularly for creators managing multiple social media channels consistently. Face tracking accuracy and multi-platform publishing represent standout features that justify subscription costs for active content creators. The learning curve remains manageable for users familiar with social media platforms and basic video concepts.

Limitations exist in caption accuracy and advanced editing capabilities, requiring realistic expectations about automation limits and manual editing needs. The absence of free trials creates adoption barriers, though current discount pricing partially addresses financial concerns. Feature development trajectory suggests continued improvement addressing current limitations over time.

Target users include podcast creators, educators, marketers, and individual content creators producing regular short-form content from longer source material. Value proposition strengthens for creators charging hourly rates or managing multiple content channels where time savings translate directly to increased profitability or productivity.

Overall recommendation supports trying Ssemble AI for creators whose content types align with platform strengths and who value automation over extensive manual control. Current pricing represents excellent value compared to manual editing alternatives and competitive platforms. The platform merits consideration for creators serious about scaling their short-form content production efficiently in 2025.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does Ssemble AI offer a free trial or free plan?

Currently, Ssemble AI does not provide a free trial or free plan option. All features require paid subscription plans starting at $9 monthly for the Pro tier. However, the platform offers significant discounts of up to 70% on annual plans, making the service more affordable for long-term users. The absence of a free trial represents one of the platform’s main limitations for creators wanting to test functionality before committing to a subscription.

How accurate are the AI-generated captions?

Caption accuracy varies depending on audio quality, speaker accents, and content complexity. The system performs well with clear English speech but may struggle with technical terminology, proper names, and heavily accented speakers. Most users report caption accuracy around 85-90% for standard content, requiring some manual editing for perfect results. The platform provides easy caption editing tools to correct any inaccuracies quickly.

Can I use Ssemble AI for content that will be monetized?

Yes, all paid plans remove watermarks from exported content, making videos suitable for monetized channels and client work. The platform does not claim ownership of user-generated content, allowing creators to maintain full rights to their clips. However, users remain responsible for ensuring their source material complies with copyright laws and platform policies when monetizing content across social media channels.

What types of videos work best with Ssemble AI?

Talking-head videos, interviews, podcasts, and presentation-style content produce the best results with Ssemble’s AI algorithms. The face tracking technology excels with stationary speakers, while content with clear audio benefits most from automated captioning. Action-heavy videos or content with multiple speakers may require more manual editing to achieve optimal results. Educational content and business presentations also work well with the platform’s automated features.

How long does it take to process videos?

Processing times depend on source video length and complexity, but most clips generate within 5-10 minutes for typical 30-60 minute source videos. The cloud-based infrastructure scales automatically to handle varying workloads without significant delays during peak usage periods. Users receive progress notifications and estimated completion times during processing, allowing them to plan their workflow accordingly.

Can teams collaborate on projects within Ssemble AI?

Yes, Ssemble AI includes collaboration features allowing multiple team members to access shared projects and content libraries. Role-based permissions control editing access while comment systems facilitate feedback and revision requests. Version control tracks changes made by different team members, and approval workflows support content review processes for teams requiring management oversight before publication.

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